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Intestinal Mucositis Model

The cells lining the crypt of the small intestine are the most rapidly proliferating within the body, therefore one of the most sensitive to the cytostatic and cytotoxic drugs used in cancer therapy. Intestinal epithelial stem cells maintain cell production and, if killed, it results in crypt death and may lead to ulceration, diarrhoea, nutrient malabsorbtion and septicaemia. The survival of just one or more stem cells can initiate powerful crypt regeneration and reduce the severity and duration of mucositis.

Acknowledged experts in this field, Epistem’s model for intestinal mucositis provides quantitative data and a robust indication of drug efficacy. The same approach can examine whether a novel drug is likely to cause intestinal mucositis in the clinic.

Epistem progresses a potential therapeutic candidate through mode of action studies, dose optimisation and scheduling, through to functional efficacy.

Readouts:

  • Apoptosis and proliferation within the small intestinal epithelium
  • Crypt survival
  • Diarrhoea duration and severity

Tumour Effects
Agents that protect normal tissue may also protect tumours from cytotoxic therapy and/or promote tumour growth. All anti-mucositis agents need to demonstrate that they do not compromise tumour therapy within the clinic. Epistem can assess likely tumour effects using subcutaneous xenograft models.

Specialist GI Toxicity
Many of the traditional chemotherapy agents cause severe GI toxicity. Critical to the level of severity is whether the agent affects the GI epithelial stem cells. Epistem's mucositis models can identify agents that cause mucositis and elucidate the mode of action. Preventatitive dosing regimes can then be assigned to reduce GI toxicity in the clinic.

H&E cross-section through the small intestine post-cytotoxic insult (bottom) compared to untreated tissue (top). The stem cells, and hence crypts, have been killed and villi lost
Image: H&E cross-section through the small intestine post-cytotoxic insult (bottom) compared to untreated tissue (top). The stem cells, and hence crypts, have been killed and villi lost